The respondent rates each item on a 4point scale ranging from 0 absence to 3 extreme presence. Read online hospital anxiety and depression scale hads book pdf free download link book now. Hospital anxiety and depression scale scoring sheet. The depression items tend to focus on the anhedonic symptoms of depression. Hospital anxiety and depression scale scoring sheet grading. Anxiety depression summary the hospital anxiety and depression scale hads assesses anxiety and depression in a nonpsychiatric population through selfreporting. A 14item scale divided into two subscales, anxiety and depression, each one comprising 7 items depression for even items and anxiety for odd ones. Dear editor, we read with interest the findings by phan et al. Little is known about the validity of the norwegian versions of the geriatric depression scale5 gds5 and the hospital anxiety and depression scaled hadsd. Hospital anxiety and depression scale hads is commonly used by doctors to determine the levels of anxiety and depression that a patient is experiencing. The anxiety and depressive subscales are also valid measures of severity of the emotional disorder. Validation of the hospital anxiety and depression scale for use with adolescents.
Regarding the analysis of age on the anxiety and depression subscales, age groups were classified as follows. I get very frightened or have panic feelings for apparently no reason at all. The hospital anxiety and depression scale wiley online library. It is suggested that the introduction of the hads into general hospital practice would facilitate. Subjects rate the 14 items on a fivepoint scale 04. The first page of the pdf of this article appears above. Very few literate people have difficulty com pleting it, on paper or. Hospital anxiety and depression scale hads pdf book. The anxiety and depression subscales were also valid measures of severity of the emotional disorder. Hads is a 14item selfreport screening scale that was originally developed to indicate the possible presence of anxiety and depression states in the setting of a medical nonpsychiatric. Is the hospital anxiety and depression scale hads a. Diagnostic accuracy of the depression subscale of the. The hospital anxiety and depression scale 363 table 1 numbers of patients in each category according to subscale scores depression anxiety scale non doubtful scale non doubtful scores cases cases cases scwres cases cases cases 07 57 11 1 07 41 4 1 810 8 7 3 810 10 9 1. Additional references maier w, buller r, philipp m, heuser i.
Hospital anxiety and depression scale hads tick the box beside the reply that is closest to how you have been feeling in the past week. This questionnaire is designed to help your doctor know how you feel. A validation study of the hospital anxiety and depression. Hospital anxiety and depression scale hads please check you. The hospital anxiety and depression scale, in patients with multiple sclerosis jose luis paisribeiro,1,2 ana martins da silva,3,4 estela. There is also a lack of psychometric evaluations of the. There is a need to assess the contribution of mood disorder, especially anxiety and depression, in order to understand the experience of.
I wake early and then sleep badly for the rest of the night. The hospital anxiety and depression scale hads is a selfadministered measure used to screen for the presence of depression and anxiety. The term hospital in its title suggests that it is only valid in such a setting but many studies conducted throughout the world have confirmed that it is valid when used in community settings and primary care. Hospital anxiety and depression scale, deutsche version. Depression anxiety and stress scale dass the dass is a 42item questionnaire which includes three selfreport scales designed to measure the negative emotional states of depression, anxiety and stress. Frontiers symptoms of anxiety and depression in young. Assessment of the hospital anxiety and depression scale.
The had scale was translated into cantonese and administered by an interviewer to 298 chinese aged 60 or above before their doctor consultations. The hospital anxiety and depression scale hads is a valid and reliable selfrating scale that measures anxiety and depression in both hospital and community settings. The hospital anxiety and depression scale, in patients. To adapt the scale for chilean cancer patients, we used the spanish version 31 of the original scale 27.
Validation of the hospital anxiety and depression scale. Hospital anxiety and depression scale hads was originally developed by zigmond and snaith 1983 and is commonly used by doctors to determine the. Introduction the hospital anxiety and depression scale hads is a 14item selfreport screening scale. If your doctor knows about these feelings he or she will be able to help you more. The concept of anhedonia loss of pleasure in life underlies the depression subscale. The bai does not assess other primary symptoms of anxiety, most notably worry and other cognitive aspects of anxiety.
Hospital anxiety and depression scale hads instructions. Scores of 07 in respective subscales are considered normal, with 810 borderline and 11 or over indicating clinical caseness. Is the hospital anxiety and depression scale hads useful. The hospital anxiety and depression scale, or hads, was designed to provide a simple yet reliable tool for use in medical practice.
In summary, for rheumatology, unless accompanied by other measures that include cognitive ruminative aspects of anxiety, the bai may provide a limited assessment of anxiety. Hospital anxiety and depression scale, hds page 2 of 4 4 i can laugh and see the funny side of things as much as i always could 0 not quite so much now 1 definitely not so much now 2 not at all 3 5 worrying thoughts go through my mind a great deal of the time 3 a lot of the time 2 not too often 1 very little 0 6 i feel cheerful never 3 not. The beauty of the hads score is its simplicity, speed and ease of use. Hospital anxiety and depression scale hads is a questionnaire developed to screen anxiety and depression among patients in hospital settings. Download hospital anxiety and depression scale hads book pdf free download link or read online here in pdf. The objective of this report was to study the metric properties of the portuguese version of hads regarding ms. Hospital anxiety and depression scale hads depression only study identification tool comparator caseness population results lowe et al.
The moderate ppv suggests that the hads is best used as a screening questionnaire and not as a caseidenti. The 15th and 16th items represent the total anxiety and depression score of the questionnaire. Hads is a selfreport questionnaire consisting of 16 items, the first 14 of which are scored. The validity of the hospital anxiety and depression scale. James university hospital, leeds, yorkshire, england abstract a selfassessment scale has been developed and found to be a reliable instrument for detecting states of depression and anxi. The instruments studied most widely in a variety of contexts are the general health questionnaire ghq and the hospital anxiety and depression scale hads. The hads is widely used but has shown ambiguous results both regarding the factor structure and sex differences in the prevalence of depressive symptoms. Can the hospital anxiety and depression had scale be.
The hospital anxiety and depression scale hads7 has been widely used as a screening instrument for anxiety and depression in the terminally ill. Tick the box beside the reply that is closest to how you have been feeling in the past week. A study was carried out in a general practice in hong kong to find out if the hospital anxiety and depression had scale could be used to detect psychological problems in chinese elderly. The dass is a 42item self report instrument designed to measure the three related negative emotional states of depression, anxiety and tensionstress. It is suggested that the introduction of the scales into general hospital practice would.
A two dimension scale developed to identify depression and anxiety among physically ill patients. The depression subscale of the hospital anxiety and depression scale hadsd is the most commonly used screening tool in medically ill patients. Responses are based on the relative frequency of symptoms over the past week. An ivr version of the scale is available from healthcare technology systems. The hads hospital anxiety and depression scale aims to measure symptoms of anxiety hads anxiety and depression hads depression. Hospital anxiety and depression scale hads stroke engine. Hospital anxiety and depression scale in adolescents twa i depression subscale. Hospital anxiety and depression scale rehabmeasures database. Doctors are aware that emotions play an important part in most illnesses. The hospital anxiety and depression scale hads was administered to 50 1665 yr old medical patients and found to be a reliable instrument for detecting states of depression and anxiety. Outcome measure hospital anxiety and depression scale hads sensitivity to change yes population adult domain psychological status anxiety and depression type of measure selfreport scale icfcodes b152 emotional functions description the hads is a 14item selfreport measure, with seven items forming a depression subscale and another seven measuring anxiety. Hospital anxiety and depression scale hads was originally developed by zigmond and snaith 1983 and is commonly used by doctors to determine the levels of anxiety and depression that a person is experiencing. The hads was developed to provide clinicians with an acceptable, reliable, valid and easy to use practical tool. The dass questionnaire is in the public domain, and may be downloaded from this website.
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